Friday 6 July 2012

Sustainable Development and the main problems related to this concept.



"Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. [1]
Sustainable Development is environmental, economic and social well-being for today and tomorrow. [1] The well-being of these three areas is intertwined, not separated. For example, a healthy, prosperous society relies on a healthy environment to provide food and resources, safe drinking water, and clean air for its people.
Sustainable Development is an ongoing process which focuses on improving the quality of life for all on the earth. This is not a new idea. Many Countries/Cultures/Organisations have recognised the need for sustainable development over the period of time.
A world in which poverty and inequity are endemic will always be prone to ecological and other crises. Sustainable development requires meeting the basic needs of all and extending to all the opportunity to satisfy their aspirations for a better life. [2]
There are number of problems related to the concept of Sustainable Development, some of them are: Population Growth, Use of Natural Resources, Food Security, Urbanisation and Climate Change.
According to the report released by the United Nations Population Funds, The report stated world population will exceed 9 Billion by 2050 with most of the increase coming from developing countries. During 2010-2050, nine countries are expected to account for half of the world’s projected population increase: India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Ethiopia, the United States of America, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the United Republic of Tanzania, China and Bangladesh.
Increase in population means increase in the use of Natural resources, food consumption, carbon emissions etc. This will create inequality of income, education, health and other social resources within and between countries, which contributes to the inequities of power, violence and destabilisation of social structures, as well as deforestation, desertification, soil degradation and loss of agricultural land. Underdeveloped countries under pressure will grow unsustainable crops and cultivate more land at the expense of self sustainability in order to survive.
Growing population raises the question of food security in the developing world. Climate change is affecting the farming sector very badly. Droughts are increasing around the world, which creates the shortage of water and food. Technology and more advance farming techniques are being used in farming to meet the world food demand. Resources used in agriculture are leaving their carbon foot print, ie; fossil fuels and fertilisers.
Urbanisation and the economy are strongly associated because of the success of cities and wealth accumulation. Rural areas are poor and suffer the most due to the dependency on most of the natural resources. People concentrate in urban areas because this is where new investment and new jobs are created. So in many ways, urbanization is a reflection of economic success. Cities are increasing and require more food, resources, energy, water etc. State & Local Governments are challenged around their policies for sustainable development of their cities. Infrastructure, transport, shelter, sewerage system, food and water supply are critical component of Sustainable Cities. People of these cities should be able to contribute to the future policies related to the Sustainable Development.
Especially in Australia, the resources and energy companies that make up a fair chunk of the country’s GDP output continue to enthusiastically meet booming global demand, while pumping increasing levels of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Certainly there is valid concern that economic growth will be harmed by an increasingly carbon-constrained world. [3]
Recently I was watching a documentary on the ABC about Upper Hunter valley in NSW, Australia. There are 4 main industries in that region: Vineyards, Horse Breeding, Tourism and Mining.
Even though mining is a new industry in that region, it is taking over the rest of the other industries by space and pollution. The Government is continuously giving permits for the expansion of various coal mines. The Vineyard and Horse Breeding industry owners in that region are in fear of losing their businesses and the overall impact on nature. The Tourism industry is heavily reliant on those two industries and therefore it is at greater risk.
From Sustainable Development point of view it is very disturbing that we are promoting mining Industry at the cost of our nature and other non harming industry, which in result produces harmful gases which affects our Climate and the earth. Specifically the Government and the media have lot to explain here. The articulation of the message needs to be clearer so an average Australian Citizen understands his/her role in the betterment of overall climate change issue.

As the United Nations Environmental Programme's GEO-2000 report points out, the "time for a rational, well-planned transition to a sustainable system is running out fast." [4] And yet we continue to adopt a business-as-usual approach to decision-making, which increases the chance that our global systems will crack and begin to crumble. Already we are faced with full-scale emergencies through freshwater shortages, tropical forest destruction, species extinction, urban air pollution, and climate change.





Reference:
[1] (http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm)
[3] Reader, p. 14. Fiddling while the earth burns.
[4] http://www.unep.org/geo2000/english/index.htm

No comments:

Post a Comment